HomeMy WebLinkAbout4052 Ordinance No . 4052
(Amending or Repealing Ordinances)
CFN= 104 - Finance
Passed- 10/16/2012
Amend KCC Title 3-New Chapter 3.28 B&O Tax Ordinance
The date["Beginning July 1, 1998"]has led to confusion This date will be deleted from cover sheets of
ordinance/resolution revision pages. This cover sheet wi l be deleted on electronic pages only, no other
deletions or changes have been made to the document—6/21/2012.
ORDINANCE NO.
AN ORDINANCE of the City Council of the
City of Kent, Washington, adopting a new Chapter
3.28 to the Kent City code entitled, "Business and
Occupation Tax Gross Receipts," and establishing
an effective date.
RECITALS
A. One of the most important functions of a government,
including municipal government, in setting and implementing tax policy is
to strive for fairness, consistency, equity, and efficiency.
B. In recognition of concerns over the business and occupation
(B & O) tax, and legislative debates over how to address those concerns,
the Association of Washington Cities (AWC) and six B & O tax jurisdictions
formed a Task Force to analyze these issues.
C. The Task Force, with the concurrence of the majority of other
Washington cities levying gross receipts B & O taxes, has developed a
model ordinance that creates greater uniformity and consistency among
city gross receipts business and occupation taxes; includes a system of
deductions to prevent multiple taxation of the same gross receipts; makes
the city gross receipts business and occupation taxes simpler, more
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predictable, and easier to administer; provides examples of activities that
constitute "engaging in business" and establishes safe harbors for de
minimis activities that a person may engage in without having to register
or becoming subject to tax; and contains sufficient flexibility to provide
local control over the city tax structure.
D. The model ordinance also strives to minimize any major
revenue impact on cities levying gross receipts B & O tax; and retains local
control over B & O tax rates, thus preserving "local control" and revenue-
protection measure that are critical to all cities in the State of Washington.
E. Adoption of the model ordinance is also vital in demonstrating
to the Washington State Legislature that cities are sensitive to legitimate
complaints over the local B & O tax and are serious about ensuring that it
more fairly, equitably, consistently, and efficiently administered.
NOW THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF KENT,
WASHINGTON, DOES HEREBY ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS:
ORDINANCE
SECTION 1. - New Chapter. A new Chapter 3.28 of the Kent City
Code is hereby adopted.
CHAPTER 3.28
Business and Occupation Tax - Gross Receipts
Sec. 3.28.010. Purpose. This section implements Washington
Constitution Article XI, Sec. 12 and RCW 35A.82.020 and 35A.11.020,
which gives municipalities the authority to license for revenue. In the
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absence of a legal or constitutional prohibition, municipalities have the
power to define taxation categories as they see fit in order to respond to
the unique concerns and responsibilities of local government. The city of
Kent has developed over the last half century into a major
manufacturing/warehousing hub. However, due to recent changes in sales
tax and property tax laws, the city no longer receives sufficient revenue
from warehousing activities to support the transportation infrastructure
needed to serve warehouse activities. As a result, the city no longer
generates sufficient revenue to maintain the level of general city services
that supports this business base, and to maintain and operate its
considerable past investment in local streets and arterial infrastructure.
This ordinance, then, is intended to generate additional revenue to
maintain, repair, and operate the city's existing transportation network in
order to fairly allocate the cost to provide those services and to maintain
that infrastructure to those business entities that contribute most to the
use and degradation of city streets.
Sec. 3.28.020. Exercise of revenue license power. The
provisions of this chapter shall be deemed an exercise of the power of the
city to license for revenue. The provisions of this chapter are subject to
periodic statutory or administrative rule changes or judicial interpretations
of the ordinances or rules. The responsibility rests with the licensee or
taxpayer to reconfirm tax computation procedures and remain in
compliance with the city code.
Sec. 3.28.028. Administrative Provisions. The administrative
provisions contained in chapter 3.29 shall be fully applicable to the
provisions of this chapter except as expressly stated to the contrary
herein.
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Sec. 3.28.030. Definitions. In construing the provisions of this
chapter, the following definitions shall be applied. Words in the singular
number shall include the plural, and the plural shall include the singular.
A. "Advance," "reimbursement."
(1) "Advance" means money or credits received by a taxpayer
from a customer or client with which the taxpayer is to pay costs or fees
on behalf of the customer or client.
(2) "Reimbursement" means money or credits received from a
customer or client to repay the taxpayer for money or credits expended by
the taxpayer in payment of costs or fees of the customer or client.
B. "Agricultural product," "farmer."
(1) "Agricultural product" means any product of plant cultivation
or animal husbandry including, but not limited to: A product of
horticulture, grain cultivation, vermiculture, viticulture, or aquaculture as
defined in RCW 15.85.020; plantation Christmas trees; turf; or any animal
including but not limited to an animal that is a private sector cultured
aquatic product as defined in RCW 15.85.020, or a bird, or insect, or the
substances obtained from such an animal. "Agricultural product" does not
include animals intended to be pets.
(2) "Farmer" means any person engaged in the business of
growing or producing, upon the person's own lands or upon the lands in
which the person has a present right of possession, any agricultural
product whatsoever for sale. "Farmer" does not include a person using
such products as ingredients in a manufacturing process, or a person
growing or producing such products for the person's own consumption.
"Farmer" does not include a person selling any animal or substance
obtained therefrom in connection with the person's business of operating a
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stockyard or a slaughter or packing house. "Farmer" does not include any
person in respect to the business of taking, cultivating, or raising timber.
C. "Business." "Business" includes all activities engaged in with the
object of gain, benefit, or advantage to the taxpayer or to another person
or class, directly or indirectly.
D. "Business and occupation tax." "Business and occupation tax" or
"gross receipts tax" means a tax imposed on or measured by the value of
products, the gross income of the business, or the gross proceeds of sales,
as the case may be, and that is the legal liability of the business.
E. "Commercial or industrial use." "Commercial or industrial use"
means the following uses of products, including by-products, by the
extractor or manufacturer thereof:
(1) Any use as a consumer; and
(2) The manufacturing of articles, substances or commodities;
F. "Competitive telephone service." "Competitive telephone service"
means the providing by any person of telecommunications equipment or
apparatus, or service related to that equipment or apparatus such as
repair or maintenance service, if the equipment or apparatus is of a type
which can be provided by persons that are not subject to regulation as
telephone companies under Title 80 RCW and for which a separate charge
is made.
G. "Consumer." "Consumer" means the following:
(1) Any person who purchases, acquires, owns, holds, or uses
any tangible or intangible personal property irrespective of the nature of
the person's business and including, among others, without limiting the
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scope hereof, persons who install, repair, clean, alter, improve, construct,
or decorate real or personal property of or for a consumer other than for
the purpose of:
(a) resale as tangible or intangible personal property in the
regular course of business;
(b) incorporating such property as an ingredient or
component of real or personal property when installing, repairing,
cleaning, altering, imprinting, improving, constructing, or decorating such
real or personal property of or for consumers;
(c) incorporating such property as an ingredient or
component of a new product or as a chemical used in processing a new
product when the primary purpose of such chemical is to create a chemical
reaction directly through contact with an ingredient of a new product; or
(d) consuming the property in producing ferrosilicon which
is subsequently used in producing magnesium for sale, if the primary
purpose of such property is to create a chemical reaction directly through
contact with an ingredient of ferrosilicon;
(2) Any person engaged in any business activity taxable under
section 3.28.050(2)(g);
(3) Any person who purchases, acquires, or uses any competitive
telephone service as herein defined, other than for resale in the regular
course of business;
(4) Any person who purchases, acquires, or uses any personal,
business, or professional service defined as a retail sale or retail service in
section 3.28.030, other than for resale in the regular course of business;
(5) Any person who is an end user of software;
(6) Any person engaged in the business of "public road
construction" in respect to tangible personal property when that person
incorporates the tangible personal property as an ingredient or component
of a publicly-owned street, place, road, highway, easement, right-of-way,
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mass public transportation terminal or parking facility, bridge, tunnel, or
trestle by installing, placing or spreading the property in or upon the right-
of-way of a publicly-owned street, place, road, highway, easement,
bridge, tunnel, or trestle or in or upon the site of a publicly-owned mass
public transportation terminal or parking facility;
(7) Any person who is an owner, lessee or has the right of
possession to or an easement in real property which is being constructed,
repaired, decorated, improved, or otherwise altered by a person engaged
in business;
(8) Any person who is an owner, lessee, or has the right of
possession to personal property which is being constructed, repaired,
improved, cleaned, imprinted, or otherwise altered by a person engaged in
business;
(9) Any person engaged in "government contracting." Any such
person shall be a consumer within the meaning of this subsection in
respect to tangible personal property incorporated into, installed in, or
attached to such building or other structure by such person.
Nothing contained in this or any other subsection of this section shall be
construed to modify any other definition of "consumer."
H. "Delivery" means the transfer of possession of tangible personal
property between the seller and the buyer or the buyer's representative.
Delivery to an employee of a buyer is considered delivery to the buyer.
Transfer of possession of tangible personal property occurs when the
buyer or the buyer's representative first takes physical control of the
property or exercises dominion and control over the property. Dominion
and control means the buyer has the ability to put the property to the
buyer's own purposes. It means the buyer or the buyer's representative
has made the final decision to accept or reject the property, and the seller
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has no further right to possession of the property and the buyer has no
right to return the property to the seller, other than under a warranty
contract. A buyer does not exercise dominion and control over tangible
personal property merely by arranging for shipment of the property from
the seller to itself. A buyer's representative is a person, other than an
employee of the buyer, who is authorized in writing by the buyer to
receive tangible personal property and take dominion and control by
making the final decision to accept or reject the property. Neither a
shipping company nor a seller can serve as a buyer's representative. It is
immaterial where the contract of sale is negotiated or where the buyer
obtains title to the property. Delivery terms and other provisions of the
Uniform Commercial Code (Title 62A RCW) do not determine when or
where delivery of tangible personal property occurs for purposes of
taxation.
I. "Director." "Director" means the finance director of the city or any
officer, agent or employee of the city designated to act on the director's
behalf.
J. "Digital automated service," "digital code," and "digital goods."
"Digital automated service," "digital code," and "digital goods" have the
same meaning as in RCW 82.04.192.
K. "Digital products." "Digital products" means digital goods, digital
codes, digital automated services, and the services described in RCW
82.04.050(2)(g) and (6)(b).
L. "Eligible gross receipts tax." The term "eligible gross receipts tax"
means a tax which:
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(1) Is imposed on the act or privilege of engaging in business
activities within section .050; and
(2) Is measured by the gross volume of business, in terms of
gross receipts and is not an income tax or value added tax; and
(3) Is not, pursuant to law or custom, separately stated from the
sales price; and
(4) Is not a sales or use tax, business license fee, franchise fee,
royalty or severance tax measured by volume or weight, or concession
charge, or payment for the use and enjoyment of property, property right
or a privilege; and
(5) Is a tax imposed by a local jurisdiction, whether within or
without the State of Washington, and not by a country, state, province, or
any other non-local jurisdiction above the county level.
M. "Engaging in business."
(1) The term "engaging in business" means commencing,
conducting, or continuing in business, and also the exercise of corporate
or franchise powers, as well as liquidating a business when the liquidators
thereof hold themselves out to the public as conducting such business.
(2) This section sets forth examples of activities that constitute
engaging in business in the city, and establishes safe harbors for certain of
those activities so that a person who meets the criteria may engage in de
minimis business activities in the city without having to register and obtain
a business license or pay city business and occupation taxes. The
activities listed in this section are illustrative only and are not intended to
narrow the definition of "engaging in business" in subsection (1). If an
activity is not listed, whether it constitutes engaging in business in the city
shall be determined by considering all the facts and circumstances and
applicable law.
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(3) Without being all inclusive, any one of the following activities
conducted within the city by a person, or its employee, agent,
representative, independent contractor, broker or another acting on its
behalf constitutes engaging in business and requires a person to register
and obtain a business license.
(a) Owning, renting, leasing, maintaining, or having the
right to use, or using, tangible personal property, intangible personal
property, or real property permanently or temporarily located in the city.
(b) Owning, renting, leasing, using, or maintaining, an
office, place of business, or other establishment in the city.
(c) Soliciting sales.
(d) Making repairs or providing maintenance or service to
real or tangible personal property, including warranty work and property
maintenance.
(e) Providing technical assistance or service, including
quality control, product inspections, warranty work, or similar services on
or in connection with tangible personal property sold by the person or on
its behalf.
(f) Installing, constructing, or supervising installation or
construction of, real or tangible personal property.
(g) Soliciting, negotiating, or approving franchise, license,
or other similar agreements.
(h) Collecting current or delinquent accounts.
(i) Picking up and transporting tangible personal property,
solid waste, construction debris, or excavated materials.
(j) Providing disinfecting and pest control services,
employment and labor pool services, home nursing care, janitorial
services, appraising, landscape architectural services, security system
services, surveying, and real estate services including the listing of homes
and managing real property.
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(k) Rendering professional services such as those provided
by accountants, architects, attorneys, auctioneers, consultants, engineers,
professional athletes, barbers, baseball clubs and other sports
organizations, chemists, consultants, psychologists, court reporters,
dentists, doctors, detectives, laboratory operators, teachers, veterinarians.
(1) Meeting with customers or potential customers, even
when no sales or orders are solicited at the meetings.
(m) Training or recruiting agents, representatives,
independent contractors, brokers or others, domiciled or operating on a
job in the city, acting on its behalf, or for customers or potential
customers.
(n) Investigating, resolving, or otherwise assisting in
resolving customer complaints.
(o) In-store stocking or manipulating products or goods,
sold to and owned by a customer, regardless of where sale and delivery of
the goods took place.
(p) Delivering goods in vehicles owned, rented, leased,
used, or maintained by the person or another acting on its behalf.
(q) Accepting or executing a contract with the city,
irrespective of whether goods or services are delivered within or without
the city, or whether the person's office or place of business is within or
without the city.
(4) If a person, or its employee, agent, representative,
independent contractor, broker or another acting on the person's behalf,
engages in no other activities in or with the city but the following, it need
not register and obtain a business license and pay tax.
(a) Meeting with suppliers of goods and services as a
customer.
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(b) Meeting with government representatives in their
official capacity, other than those performing contracting or purchasing
functions.
(c) Attending meetings, such as board meetings, retreats,
seminars, and conferences, or other meetings wherein the person does
not provide training in connection with tangible personal property sold by
the person or on its behalf. This provision does not apply to any board of
director member or attendee engaging in business, such as a member of a
board of directors who attends a board meeting.
(d) Renting tangible or intangible property as a customer
when the property is not used in the city.
(e) Attending, but not participating in a "trade show" or
"multiple vendor events". Persons participating at a trade show shall
review the city's trade show or multiple vendor event ordinances.
(f) Conducting advertising through the mail.
(g) Soliciting sales by phone from a location outside the
city.
(5) A seller located outside the city merely delivering goods into
the city by means of common carrier is not required to register and obtain
a business license, provided that it engages in no other business activities
in the city. Such activities do not include those in subsection (4).
(6) The city expressly intends that engaging in business includes
any activity sufficient to establish nexus for purposes of applying the tax
under the law and the constitutions of the United States and the State of
Washington. Nexus is presumed to continue as long as the taxpayer
benefits from the activity that constituted the original nexus generating
contact or subsequent contacts.
N. "Extracting." "Extracting" is the activity engaged in by an extractor
and is reportable under the extracting classification.
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0. "Extractor." "Extractor" means every person who from the person's
own land or from the land of another under a right or license granted by
lease or contract, either directly or by contracting with others for the
necessary labor or mechanical services, for sale or for commercial or
industrial use, mines, quarries, takes or produces coal, oil, natural gas,
ore, stone, sand, gravel, clay, mineral or other natural resource product;
or fells, cuts or takes timber, Christmas trees, other than plantation
Christmas trees, or other natural products; or takes fish, shellfish, or other
sea or inland water foods or products. "Extractor" does not include
persons performing under contract the necessary labor or mechanical
services for others; or persons meeting the definition of farmer.
P. "Extractor for Hire." "Extractor for hire" means a person who
performs under contract necessary labor or mechanical services for an
extractor.
Q. "Gross income of the business." "Gross income of the business"
means the value proceeding or accruing by reason of the transaction of
the business engaged in and includes gross proceeds of sales,
compensation for the rendition of services, gains realized from trading in
stocks, bonds, or other evidences of indebtedness, interest, discount,
rents, royalties, fees, commissions, dividends, and other emoluments
however designated, all without any deduction on account of the cost of
tangible property sold, the cost of materials used, labor costs, interest,
discount, delivery costs, taxes, or any other expense whatsoever paid or
accrued and without any deduction on account of losses.
R. "Gross proceeds of sales." "Gross proceeds of sales" means the
value proceeding or accruing from the sale of tangible personal property,
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digital goods, digital codes, digital automated services or for other services
rendered, without any deduction on account of the cost of property sold,
the cost of materials used, labor costs, interest, discount paid, delivery
costs, taxes, or any other expense whatsoever paid or accrued and
without any deduction on account of losses.
S. "Manufacturing." "Manufacturing" means the activity conducted by
a manufacturer and is reported under the manufacturing classification.
T. "Manufacturer," "to manufacture."
(1) "Manufacturer" means every person who, either directly or by
contracting with others for the necessary labor or mechanical services,
manufactures for sale or for commercial or industrial use from the
person's own materials or ingredients any products. When the owner of
equipment or facilities furnishes, or sells to the customer prior to
manufacture, materials or ingredients equal to less than twenty percent
(20%) of the total value of all materials or ingredients that become a part
of the finished product, the owner of the equipment or facilities will be
deemed to be a processor for hire, and not a manufacturer. A business
not located in this city that is the owner of materials or ingredients
processed for it in this city by a processor for hire shall be deemed to be
engaged in business as a manufacturer in this city.
(2) "To manufacture" means all activities of a commercial or
industrial nature wherein labor or skill is applied, by hand or machinery, to
materials or ingredients so that as a result thereof a new, different or
useful product is produced for sale or commercial or industrial use, and
shall include:
(a) The production of special made or custom made
articles;
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(b) The production of dental appliances, devices,
restorations, substitutes, or other dental laboratory products by a dental
laboratory or dental technician;
(c) Crushing and/or blending of rock, sand, stone, gravel,
or ore; and
(d) The producing of articles for sale, or for commercial or
industrial use from raw materials or prepared materials by giving such
materials, articles, and substances of trade or commerce new forms,
qualities, properties or combinations including, but not limited to, such
activities as making, fabricating, processing, refining, mixing, slaughtering,
packing, aging, curing, mild curing, preserving, canning, and the preparing
and freezing of fresh fruits and vegetables.
"To manufacture" shall not include the production of digital goods or the
production of computer software if the computer software is delivered from
the seller to the purchaser by means other than tangible storage media,
including the delivery by use of a tangible storage media where the
tangible storage media is not physically transferred to the purchaser.
U. "Newspaper," "magazine," "periodical." "Newspaper" means a
publication offered for sale regularly at stated intervals at least once a
week and printed on newsprint in tabloid or broadsheet format folded
loosely together without stapling, glue, or any other binding of any kind.
"Magazine, or periodical" means any printed publication, other than a
newspaper, issued and offered for sale regularly at stated intervals at least
once every three (3) months, including any supplement or special edition
of the publication. Any publication meeting this definition qualifies
regardless of its content.
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V. "Non-profit corporation or non-profit organization." "Non-profit
corporation or non-profit organization" means a corporation or
organization in which no part of the income can be distributed to its
members, directors, or officers and that holds a current tax exempt status
as provided under Sec. 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, as
hereafter amended, or is specifically exempted from the requirement to
apply for its tax exempt status under Sec. 501(c)(3) of the Internal
Revenue Code, as hereafter amended. Where the term non-profit
organization is used, it is meant to include a non-profit corporation.
W. "Office", "place of business." "Office" or "place of business" means a
fixed location or permanent facility where the regular business of the
person is conducted and which is either owned by the person or over
which the person exercises legal dominion and control. The regular
business of the person is presumed conducted at a location:
(1) Whose address the person uses as its business mailing
address;
(2) Where the place of primary use is shown on a telephone
billing or a location containing a telephone line listed in a public telephone
directory or other similar publication under the business name;
(3) Where the person holds itself out to the general public as
conducting its regular business through signage or other means; and
(4) Where the person is required to obtain any appropriate state
and local business license or registration unless they are exempted by law
from such requirement.
A vehicle such as a pick-up, van, truck, boat or other motor vehicle is not
an office or place of business. A post office box is not an office or place of
business.
If a person has an office or place of business, the person's home is not an
office or place of business unless it meets the criteria for office or place of
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business above. If a person has no office or place of business, the
person's home or apartment within the city will be deemed the place of
business.
X. "Person." "Person" means any individual, receiver, administrator,
executor, assignee, trustee in bankruptcy, trust, estate, firm, co-
partnership, joint venture, club, company, joint stock company, business
trust, municipal corporation, political subdivision of the State of
Washington, corporation, limited liability company, association, society, or
any group of individuals acting as a unit, whether mutual, cooperative,
fraternal, non-profit, or otherwise and the United States or any
instrumentality thereof.
Y. "Processing for hire." "Processing for hire" means the performance
of labor and mechanical services upon materials or ingredients belonging
to others so that as a result a new, different or useful product is produced
for sale, or commercial or industrial use. A processor for hire is any
person who would be a manufacturer if that person were performing the
labor and mechanical services upon that person's own materials or
ingredients. If a person furnishes, or sells to the customer prior to
manufacture, materials or ingredients equal to twenty percent (20%) or
more of the total value of all materials or ingredients that become a part
of the finished product, the person will be deemed to be a manufacturer
and not a processor for hire.
Z. "Product", "Byproduct." "Product" means tangible personal property,
including articles, substances, or commodities created, brought forth,
extracted, or manufactured by human or mechanical effort.
"Byproduct" means any additional product, other than the principal or
intended product, which results from extracting or manufacturing activities
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and which has a market value without regard to whether or not such
additional product was an expected or intended result of the extracting or
manufacturing activities.
AA. "Retailing." "Retailing" means the activity of engaging in making
sales at retail and is reported under the retailing classification.
BB. "Retail Service." 'Retail service" shall include the sale of or charge
made for personal, business, or professional services including amounts
designated as interest, rents, fees, admission, and other service
emoluments however designated, received by persons engaging in the
following business activities:
(1) Amusement and recreation services including but not limited
to golf, pool, billiards, skating, bowling, swimming, bungee jumping, ski
lifts and tows, basketball, racquet ball, handball, squash, tennis, batting
cages, day trips for sightseeing purposes, and others, when provided to
consumers. "Amusement and recreation services" also include the
provision of related facilities such as basketball courts, tennis courts,
handball courts, swimming pools, and charges made for providing the
opportunity to dance. The term "amusement and recreation services"
does not include instructional lessons to learn a particular activity such as
tennis lessons, swimming lessons, or archery lessons.
(2) Abstract, title insurance, and escrow services;
(3) Credit bureau services;
(4) Automobile parking and storage garage services;
(5) Landscape maintenance and horticultural services but
excluding (i) horticultural services provided to farmers and (ii) pruning,
trimming, repairing, removing, and clearing of trees and brush near
electric transmission or distribution lines or equipment, if performed by or
at the direction of an electric utility;
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(6) Service charges associated with tickets to professional
sporting events; and
(7) The following personal services: Physical fitness services,
tanning salon services, tattoo parlor services, steam bath services, turkish
bath services, escort services, and dating services.
(8) The term shall also include the renting or leasing of tangible
personal property to consumers and the rental of equipment with an
operator.
CC. "Sale," "casual or isolated sale."
(1) "Sale" means any transfer of the ownership of, title to, or
possession of, property for a valuable consideration and includes any
activity classified as a "sale at retail," "retail sale," or "retail service." It
includes renting or leasing, conditional sale contracts, leases with option to
purchase, and any contract under which possession of the property is
given to the purchaser but title is retained by the vendor as security for
the payment of the purchase price. It also includes the furnishing of food,
drink, or meals for compensation whether consumed upon the premises or
not.
(2) "Casual or isolated sale" means a sale made by a person who
is not engaged in the business of selling the type of property involved on a
routine or continuous basis.
DD. "Sale at retail," "retail sale."
(1) "Sale at retail" or "retail sale" means every sale of tangible
personal property (including articles produced, fabricated, or imprinted) to
all persons irrespective of the nature of their business and including,
among others, without limiting the scope hereof, persons who install,
repair, clean, alter, improve, construct, or decorate real or personal
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property of or for consumers, other than a sale to a person who presents a
resale certificate under RCW 82.04.470 and who:
(a) Purchases for the purpose of resale as tangible
personal property in the regular course of business without intervening
use by such person; or
(b) Installs, repairs, cleans, alters, imprints, improves,
constructs, or decorates real or personal property of or for consumers, if
such tangible personal property becomes an ingredient or component of
such real or personal property without intervening use by such person; or
(c) Purchases for the purpose of consuming the property
purchased in producing for sale a new article of tangible personal property
or substance, of which such property becomes an ingredient or component
or is a chemical used in processing, when the primary purpose of such
chemical is to create a chemical reaction directly through contact with an
ingredient of a new article being produced for sale; or
(d) Purchases for the purpose of consuming the property
purchased in producing ferrosilicon which is subsequently used in
producing magnesium for sale, if the primary purpose of such property is
to create a chemical reaction directly through contact with an ingredient of
ferrosilicon; or
(e) Purchases for the purpose of providing the property to
consumers as part of competitive telephone service, as defined in RCW
82.04.065. The term shall include every sale of tangible personal property
which is used or consumed or to be used or consumed in the performance
of any activity classified as a "sale at retail" or "retail sale" even though
such property is resold or utilized as provided in (a), (b), (c), (d), or (e) of
this subsection following such use.
20 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 8 A O Tax
Ordinance
(f) Purchases for the purpose of satisfying the person's
obligations under an extended warranty as defined in subsection (7) of
this section, if such tangible personal property replaces or becomes an
ingredient or component of property covered by the extended warranty
without intervening use by such person.
(2) "Sale at retail" or "retail sale" also means every sale of
tangible personal property to persons engaged in any business activity
which is taxable under section 3.28.050(2)(g).
(3) "Sale at retail" or "retail sale" shall include the sale of or charge
made for tangible personal property consumed and/or for labor and
services rendered in respect to the following:
(a) The installing, repairing, cleaning, altering, imprinting,
or improving of tangible personal property of or for consumers, including
charges made for the mere use of facilities in respect thereto, but
excluding charges made for the use of coin-operated laundry facilities
when such facilities are situated in an apartment house, rooming house, or
mobile home park for the exclusive use of the tenants thereof, and also
excluding sales of laundry service to nonprofit health care facilities, and
excluding services rendered in respect to live animals, birds and insects;
(b) The constructing, repairing, decorating, or improving of
new or existing buildings or other structures under, upon, or above real
property of or for consumers, including the installing or attaching of any
article of tangible personal property therein or thereto, whether or not
such personal property becomes a part of the realty by virtue of
installation, and shall also include the sale of services or charges made for
the clearing of land and the moving of earth excepting the mere leveling
of land used in commercial farming or agriculture;
(c) The charge for labor and services rendered in respect
to constructing, repairing, or improving any structure upon, above, or
21 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 B & O Tax
Ordinance
under any real property owned by an owner who conveys the property by
title, possession, or any other means to the person performing such
construction, repair, or improvement for the purpose of performing such
construction, repair, or improvement and the property is then reconveyed
by title, possession, or any other means to the original owner;
(d) The sale of or charge made for labor and services
rendered in respect to the cleaning, fumigating, razing or moving of
existing buildings or structures, but shall not include the charge made for
janitorial services; and for purposes of this section the term "janitorial
services" shall mean those cleaning and caretaking services ordinarily
performed by commercial janitor service businesses including, but not
limited to, wall and window washing, floor cleaning and waxing, and the
cleaning in place of rugs, drapes and upholstery. The term "janitorial
services" does not include painting, papering, repairing, furnace or septic
tank cleaning, snow removal or sandblasting;
(e) The sale of or charge made for labor and services
rendered in respect to automobile towing and similar automotive
transportation services, but not in respect to those required to report and
pay taxes under chapter 82.16 RCW;
(f) The sale of and charge made for the furnishing of
lodging and all other services, except telephone business and cable
service, by a hotel, rooming house, tourist court, motel, trailer camp, and
the granting of any similar license to use real property, as distinguished
from the renting or leasing of real property, and it shall be presumed that
the occupancy of real property for a continuous period of one month or
more constitutes a rental or lease of real property and not a mere license
to use or enjoy the same. For the purposes of this subsection, it shall be
presumed that the sale of and charge made for the furnishing of lodging
for a continuous period of one month or more to a person is a rental or
lease of real property and not a mere license to enjoy the same;
22 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 B & O Tax
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(g) The installing, repairing, altering, or improving of
digital goods for consumers;
(h) The sale of or charge made for tangible personal
property, labor and services to persons taxable under (a), (b), (c), (d),
(e), (f), and (g) of this subsection when such sales or charges are for
property, labor and services which are used or consumed in whole or in
part by such persons in the performance of any activity defined as a "sale
at retail" or "retail sale" even though such property, labor and services
may be resold after such use or consumption. Nothing contained in this
subsection shall be construed to modify subsection (1) of this section and
nothing contained in subsection (1) of this section shall be construed to
modify this subsection.
(4) "Sale at retail" or "retail sale" shall also include the providing
of competitive telephone service to consumers.
(5)(a)"Sale at retail" or "retail sale" shall also include the sale of
prewritten software other than a sale to a person who presents a resale
certificate under RCW 82.04.470, regardless of the method of delivery to
the end user. For purposes of this subsection (5)(a) the sale of prewritten
computer software includes the sale of or charge made for a key or an
enabling or activation code, where the key or code is required to activate
prewritten computer software and put the software into use. There is no
separate sale of the key or code from the prewritten computer software,
regardless of how the sale may be characterized by the vendor or by the
purchaser.
The term "sale at retail" or "retail sale" does not include the sale of
or charge made for:
(i) Custom software; or
(ii) The customization of prewritten software.
(b)(i) The term also includes the charge made to consumers
for the right to access and use prewritten computer software, where
23 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 B & O Tax
Ordinance
possession of the software is maintained by the seller or a third party,
regardless of whether the charge for the service is on a per use, per user,
per license, subscription, or some other basis.
(ii)(A)The service described in (b)(i) of this subsection
5 includes the right to access and use prewritten software to perform data
processing.
(B) For purposes of this subsection (b)(ii) "data
processing" means the systematic performance of operations on data to
extract the required information in an appropriate form or to convert the
data to usable information. Data processing includes check processing,
image processing, form processing, survey processing, payroll processing,
claim processing, and similar activities.
(6) "Sale at retail" or "retail sale" shall also include the sale of or
charge made for labor and services rendered in respect to the building,
repairing, or improving of any street, place, road, highway, easement,
right of way, mass public transportation terminal or parking facility,
bridge, tunnel, or trestle which is owned by a municipal corporation or
political subdivision of the state, the State of Washington, or by the United
States and which is used or to be used primarily for foot or vehicular
traffic including mass transportation vehicles of any kind.
(7) "Sale at retail" or "retail sale" shall also include the sale of or
charge made for an extended warranty to a consumer. For purposes of
this subsection, "extended warranty" means an agreement for a specified
duration to perform the replacement or repair of tangible personal
property at no additional charge or a reduced charge for tangible personal
property, labor, or both, or to provide indemnification for the replacement
or repair of tangible personal property, based on the occurrence of
specified events. The term "extended warranty" does not include an
agreement, otherwise meeting the definition of extended warranty in this
subsection, if no separate charge is made for the agreement and the value
24 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 8 & O Tax
Ordinance
of the agreement is included in the sales price of the tangible personal
property covered by the agreement.
(8) "Sale at retail" or "retail sale" shall also include the sale of or
charge made for labor and services rendered in respect to the
constructing, repairing, decorating, or improving of new or existing
buildings or other structures under, upon, or above real property of or for
the United States, any instrumentality thereof, or a county or city housing
authority created pursuant to chapter 35.82 RCW, including the installing,
or attaching of any article of tangible personal property therein or thereto,
whether or not such personal property becomes a part of the realty by
virtue of installation.
(9) "Sale at retail" or "retail sale" shall not include the sale of
services or charges made for the clearing of land and the moving of earth
of or for the United States, any instrumentality thereof, or a county or city
housing authority. Nor shall the term include the sale of services or
charges made for cleaning up for the United States, or its
instrumentalities, radioactive waste and other byproducts of weapons
production and nuclear research and development.
(10) "Sale at retail" or "retail sale" shall not include the sale of or
charge made for labor and services rendered for environmental remedial
action.
(11) "Sale at retail" or "retail sale" shall also include the following
sales to consumers of digital goods, digital codes, and digital automated
services:
(a) Sales in which the seller has granted the purchaser the
right of permanent use;
(b) Sales in which the seller has granted the purchaser a
right of use that is less than permanent;
(c) Sales in which the purchaser is not obligated to make
continued payment as a condition of the sale; and
25 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 B & O Tax
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(d) Sales in which the purchaser is obligated to make
continued payment as a condition of the sale.
A retail sale of digital goods, digital codes, or digital automated
services under this subsection 3.28.030.DD(11) includes any services
provided by the seller exclusively in connection with the digital goods,
digital codes, or digital automated services, whether or not a separate
charge is made for such services.
For purposes of this subsection, "permanent" means perpetual or
for an indefinite or unspecified length of time. A right of permanent use is
presumed to have been granted unless the agreement between the seller
and the purchaser specifies or the circumstances surrounding the
transaction suggest or indicate that the right to use terminates on the
occurrence of a condition subsequent.
(12) "Sale at retail" or "retail sale" shall also include the installing,
repairing, altering, or improving of digital goods for consumers.
EE. "Sale at wholesale," "wholesale sale." "Sale at wholesale" or
"wholesale sale" means any sale of tangible personal property, digital
goods, digital codes, digital automated services, prewritten computer
software, or services described in section 3.28.030.DD(5)(b)(i), which is
not a retail sale, and any charge made for labor and services rendered for
persons who are not consumers, in respect to real or personal property
and retail services, if such charge is expressly defined as a retail sale or
retail service when rendered to or for consumers. Sale at wholesale also
includes the sale of telephone business to another telecommunications
company as defined in RCW 80,04.010 for the purpose of resale, as
contemplated by RCW 35.21.715.
FF. "Services." "Services" includes those activities that do not fall within
one of the other tax classifications used by the city.
26 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 8 & O Tax
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GG. "Software", "prewritten software," "custom software,"
"customization of canned software," "master copies," "retained rights."
(1) "Prewritten software" or "canned software" means computer
software, including prewritten upgrades, that is not designed and
developed by the author or other creator to the specifications of a specific
purchaser. The combining of two or more prewritten computer software
programs or prewritten portions thereof does not cause the combination to
be other than prewritten computer software. Prewritten computer software
includes software designed and developed by the author or other creator
to the specifications of a specific purchaser when it is sold to a person
other than such purchaser. Where a person modifies or enhances
computer software of which such persons is not the author or creator, the
person shall be deemed to be the author or creator only of the person's
modifications or enhancements. Prewritten computer software or a
prewritten portion thereof that is modified or enhanced to any degree,
where such modification or enhancement is designed and developed to the
specifications of a specific purchaser, remains prewritten computer
software; however where there is a reasonable, separately stated charge
or an invoice or other statement of the price given to the purchaser for the
modification or enhancement, the modification or enhancement shall not
constitute prewritten computer software.
(2) "Custom software" means software created for a single
person.
(3) "Customization of canned software" means any alteration,
modification, or development of applications using or incorporating canned
software to specific individualized requirements of a single person.
Customization of canned software includes individualized configuration of
software to work with other software and computer hardware but does not
include routine installation. Customization of canned software does not
27 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 8 & O Tax
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change the underlying character or taxability of the original canned
software.
(4) "Master copies" of software means copies of software from
which a software developer, author, inventor, publisher, licensor,
sublicensor, or distributor makes copies for sale or license. The software
encoded on a master copy and the media upon which the software resides
are both ingredients of the master copy.
(5) "Retained rights" means any and all rights, including
intellectual property rights such as those rights arising from copyrights,
patents, and trade secret laws, that are owned or are held under contract
or license by a software developer, author, inventor, publisher, licensor,
sublicensor, or distributor.
(6) "Software" means any information, program, or routine, or
any set of one (1) or more programs, routines, or collections of
information used, or intended for use, to convey information that causes
one or more computers or pieces of computer-related peripheral
equipment, or any combination thereof, to perform a task or set of tasks.
"Software" includes the associated documentation, materials, or
ingredients regardless of the media upon which that documentation is
provided, that describes the code and its use, operation, and maintenance
and that typically is delivered with the code to the consumer. All software
is classified as either canned or custom.
HH. "Taxpayer." "Taxpayer" means any "person", as herein defined,
required to have a business license under this chapter or liable for the
collection of any tax or fee under this chapter, or who engages in any
business or who performs any act for which a tax or fee is imposed by this
chapter.
28 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 B & O Tax
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II. "Tuition fee." "Tuition fee" includes library, laboratory, health
service and other special fees, and amounts charged for room and board
by an educational institution when the property or service for which such
charges are made is furnished exclusively to the students or faculty of
such institution. "Educational institution," as used in this section, means
only those institutions created or generally accredited as such by the state
and includes educational programs that such educational institution
cosponsors with a non-profit organization, as defined by the Internal
Revenue Code Section 501(c)(3), as hereafter amended, if such
educational institution grants college credit for coursework successfully
completed through the educational program, or an approved branch
campus of a foreign degree-granting institution in compliance with chapter
28B.90 RCW, and in accordance with RCW 82.04.4332 or defined as a
degree-granting institution under RCW 28B.85.010(3) and accredited by
an accrediting association recognized by the United States secretary of
education, and offering to students an educational program of a general
academic nature or those institutions which are not operated for profit and
which are privately endowed under a deed of trust to offer instruction in
trade, industry, and agriculture, but not including specialty schools,
business colleges, other trade schools, or similar institutions.
B. "Value proceeding or accruing." "Value proceeding or accruing"
means the consideration, whether money, credits, rights, or other
property expressed in terms of money, a person is entitled to receive or
which is actually received or accrued. The term shall be applied, in each
case, on a cash receipts or accrual basis according to which method of
accounting is regularly employed in keeping the books of the taxpayer.
KK. "Value of products."
29 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 8 & O Tax
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(1) The value of products, including by-products, extracted or
manufactured, shall be determined by the gross proceeds derived from the
sale thereof whether such sale is at wholesale or at retail, to which shall
be added all subsidies and bonuses received from the purchaser or from
any other person with respect to the extraction, manufacture, or sale of
such products or by-products by the seller.
(2) Where such products, including by-products, are extracted or
manufactured for commercial or industrial use; and where such products,
including by-products, are shipped, transported or transferred out of the
city, or to another person, without prior sale or are sold under
circumstances such that the gross proceeds from the sale are not
indicative of the true value of the subject matter of the sale; the value
shall correspond as nearly as possible to the gross proceeds from sales in
this state of similar products of like quality and character, and in similar
quantities by other taxpayers, plus the amount of subsidies or bonuses
ordinarily payable by the purchaser or by any third person with respect to
the extraction, manufacture, or sale of such products. In the absence of
sales of similar products as a guide to value, such value may be
determined upon a cost basis. In such cases, there shall be included every
item of cost attributable to the particular article or article extracted or
manufactured, including direct and indirect overhead costs. The director
may prescribe rules for the purpose of ascertaining such values.
(3) Notwithstanding subsection (2) above, the value of a product
manufactured or produced for purposes of serving as a prototype for the
development of a new or improved product shall correspond to:
(a) the retail selling price of such new or improved product
when first offered for sale; or
(b) the value of materials incorporated into the prototype
in cases in which the new or improved product is not offered for sale.
30 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 B & O Tax
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LL. "Wholesaling." "Wholesaling" means engaging in the activity of
making sales at wholesale, and is reported under the wholesaling
classification.
Sec. 3.28.040. Agency — sales and services by agent,
consignee, bailee, factor or auctioneer.
(1) Sales in own name - sales or purchases as agent. Every
person, including agents, consignees, bailees, factors or auctioneers
having either actual or constructive possession of tangible personal
property or having possession of the documents of title thereto, with
power to sell such tangible personal property in the person's own name
and actually so selling shall be deemed the seller of such tangible personal
property within the meaning of this chapter.
The burden shall be upon the taxpayer in every case to establish
the fact that such taxpayer is not engaged in the business of selling
tangible personal property but is acting merely as broker or agent in
promoting sales or making purchases for a principal. Such claim will be
recognized only when the contract or agreement between such persons
clearly establishes the relationship of principal and agent and when the
following conditions are complied with:
(a) The books and records of the broker or agent show the
transactions were made in the name and for the account of the principal,
and show the name of the actual owner of the property for whom the sale
was made, or the actual buyer for whom the purchase was made.
(b) The books and records show the amount of the
principal's gross sales, the amount of commissions and any other
incidental income derived by the broker or agent from such sales. The
principal's gross sales must not be reflected as the agent's income on any
of the agent's books and records. Commissions must be computed
31 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 B & O Tax
Ordinance
according to a set percentage or amount, which is agreed upon in the
agency agreement.
(c) No ownership rights may be conferred to the agent
unless the principal refuses to pay, or refuses to abide by the agency
agreement. Sales or purchases of any goods by a person who has any
ownership rights in such goods shall be taxed as retail or wholesale sales.
(d) Bulk goods sold or purchased on behalf of a principal
must not be co-mingled with goods belonging to another principal or lose
their identity as belonging to the particular principal. Sales or purchases
of any goods which have been co-mingled or lost their identity as
belonging to the principal shall be taxed as retail or wholesale sales.
(2) If the above requirements are not met the consignor, bailor,
principal or other shall be deemed a seller of such property to the agent,
consignee, bailee, factor or auctioneer.
(3) Services in own name - procuring services as agent. For
purposes of this subsection, an agent is a person who acts under the
direction and control of the principal in procuring services on behalf of the
principal that the person could not itself render or supply. Amounts
received by an agent for the account of its principal as advances or
reimbursements are exempted from the measure of the tax only when the
agent is not primarily or secondarily liable to pay for the services
procured.
Any person who claims to be acting merely as agent in obtaining
services for a principal will have such claim recognized only when the
contract or agreement between such persons clearly establishes the
relationship of principal and agent and when the following conditions are
complied with:
(a) The books and records of the agent show that the
services were obtained in the name and for the account of the principal,
and show the actual principal for whom the purchase was made.
32 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 B & O Tax
Ordinance
(b) The books and records show the amount of the service
that was obtained for the principal, the amount of commissions and any
other income derived by the agent for acting as such. Amounts received
from the principal as advances and reimbursements must not be reflected
as the agent's income on any of the agent's books and records.
Commissions must be computed according to a set percentage or amount,
which is agreed upon in the agency agreement.
Sec. 3.28.050. Imposition of the tax - tax or fee levied.
Except as provided in subsection (3) of this section, there is hereby levied
upon and shall be collected from every person a tax for the act or privilege
of engaging in business activities within the city, whether the person's
office or place of business be within or without the city. The tax shall be
in amounts to be determined by application of rates against the square
footage of business office or facility space within the city, and by
application of rates against the gross proceeds of sale, gross income of
business, or value of products, including by-products, as the case may be,
as follows:
(1) Square footage tax. Upon every person who leases, owns,
occupies, or otherwise maintains an office, warehouse, or other place of
business within the city for purposes of engaging in business activities in
the city, the tax shall be measured by the number of square feet of
warehouse business floor space or other business floor space for each
office, warehouse, or other place of business leased, owned, occupied, or
otherwise maintained within the city during the reporting period,
calculated to the nearest square foot.
(a) The amount of the tax due shall be equal to the sum of
the number of square feet of business warehouse floor space for each
business warehouse leased, owned, occupied, or otherwise maintained
within the city multiplied by the rate of $0.03 quarterly for each calendar
33 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 B & O Tax
Ordinance
year, and the number of square feet of other business floor space for each
office or other place of business leased, owned, occupied, or otherwise
maintained within the city multiplied by the rate of $0.01 quarterly for
each calendar year.
(b) For purposes of this section, "business warehouse"
means a building or structure, or any part thereof, in which goods, wares,
merchandise or commodities are received or stored, whether or not for
compensation, in furtherance of engaging in business.
(c) For purposes of this section, "other business floor
space" means the floor space of an office or place of business, other than
a business warehouse.
(d) For purposes of this section, the square footage shall
be computed by measuring to the inside finish of permanent outer building
walls and shall include space used by columns and projections necessary
to the building. Square footage shall not include stairs, elevator shafts,
flues, pipe shafts, vertical ducts, heating or ventilation shafts, janitor
closets, and electrical or utility closets.
(e) Persons with more than one office, warehouse, or
other place of business within the city must include all business warehouse
floor space and other business floor space for all locations within the city.
When a person rents space to another person, the person occupying the
rental space is responsible for the square footage business tax on that
rental space only if the renter has exclusive right of possession in the
space as against the landlord. Space rented for the storage of goods in a
warehouse where no walls separate the goods, and where the exclusive
right of possession in the space is not held by the person to whom the
space is rented, and space rented out in "self-storage" facilities whereby
customers have direct access to individual storage areas by separate
entrances, shall be included in the warehouse business floor space of the
34 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 B & O Tax
Ordinance
person that operates the warehouse business, and not by the person
renting the warehouse space.
(f) The director may promulgate rules and regulations
regarding the manner, means and method of calculating the tax imposed
under this section.
(2) Gross receipts tax.
(a) Upon every person engaging within the city in business
as an extractor; as to such persons the amount of the tax with respect to
such business shall be equal to the value of the products, including by-
products, extracted within the city for sale or for commercial or industrial
use, multiplied by the rate of 0.152 hundredths of one percent (0.00152).
The measure of the tax is the value of the products, including by-products,
so extracted, regardless of the place of sale or the fact that deliveries may
be made to points outside the city.
(b) Upon every person engaging within the city in business
as a manufacturer, as to such persons the amount of the tax with respect
to such business shall be equal to the value of the products, including by-
products, manufactured within the city, multiplied by the rate of 0.046
hundredths of one percent (0.00046). The measure of the tax is the value
of the products, including by-products, so manufactured, regardless of the
place of sale or the fact that deliveries may be made to points outside the
city.
(c) Upon every person engaging within the city in the
business of making sales at wholesale, as to such persons, the amount of
tax with respect to such business shall be equal to the gross proceeds of
such sales of the business without regard to the place of delivery of
articles, commodities or merchandise sold, multiplied by the rate of 0.152
hundredths of one percent (0.00152).
(d) Upon every person engaging within the city in the
business of making sales at retail, as to such persons, the amount of tax
35 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 B & O Tax
Ordinance
with respect to such business shall be equal to the gross proceeds of such
sales of the business, without regard to the place of delivery of articles,
commodities or merchandise sold, multiplied by the rate of 0.046
hundredths of one percent (0.00046).
(e) Upon every person engaging within the city in the
business of (i) printing, (ii) both printing and publishing newspapers,
magazines, periodicals, books, music, and other printed items, (iii)
publishing newspapers, magazines and periodicals, (iv) extracting for hire,
and (v) processing for hire; as to such persons, the amount of tax on such
business shall be equal to the gross income of the business multiplied by
the rate of 0.046 hundredths of one percent (0.00046).
(f) Upon every person engaging within the city in the
business of making sales of retail services; as to such persons, the
amount of tax with respect to such business shall be equal to the gross
proceeds of sales multiplied by the rate of 0.152 hundredths of one
percent (0.00152).
(g) Upon every other person engaging within the city in
any business activity other than or in addition to those enumerated in the
above subsections; as to such persons, the amount of tax on account of
such activities shall be equal to the gross income of the business
multiplied by the rate of 0.046 hundredths of one percent (0.00046). This
subsection includes, among others, and without limiting the scope hereof
(whether or not title to material used in the performance of such business
passes to another by accession, merger or other than by outright sale),
persons engaged in the business of developing, or producing custom
software or of customizing canned software, producing royalties or
commissions, and persons engaged in the business of rendering any type
of service which does not constitute a sale at retail, a sale at wholesale,
or a retail service.
36 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 8 & O Tax
Ordinance
(h) Any person required to pay the gross receipts tax
imposed in the chapter that also pays the square footage tax as imposed
in section 3.28.050(1) may credit any amount due to the city pursuant to
section 3.28.050(1) against the gross receipts tax for the same reporting
period.
(3) Tax thresholds.
(a) The square footage tax imposed in this section shall not
apply to any person whose total floor area of business office or facility
space within the city does not exceed 500 taxable square feet.
(b) The gross receipts tax imposed in this section shall not
apply to any person whose gross proceeds of sales, gross income of the
business, and value of products, including by-products, as the case may
be, from all activities conducted within the city during any calendar year is
equal to or less than $2501000.00, or is equal to or less than $62,500.00
during any quarter if on a quarterly reporting basis.
Sec. 3.28.070. Multiple activities credit when activities take
place in one or more cities with eligible gross receipt taxes.
(1) Persons who engage in business activities that are within the
purview of two (2) or more subsections of section 3.28.050 shall be
taxable under each applicable subsection.
(2) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, if imposition
of the city's tax would place an undue burden upon interstate commerce
or violate constitutional requirements, a taxpayer shall be allowed a credit
to the extent necessary to preserve the validity of the city's tax, and still
apply the city tax to as much of the taxpayer's activities as may be subject
to the city's taxing authority.
(3) To take the credit authorized by this section, a taxpayer must
be able to document that the amount of tax sought to be credited was
paid upon the same gross receipts used in computing the tax against
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which the credit is applied and that the taxpayer paid the amount of tax
sought to be credited.
(4) Credit for persons that sell in the city products that they
extract or manufacture. Persons taxable under the retailing or
wholesaling classification with respect to selling products in this city shall
be allowed a credit against those taxes for any eligible gross receipts taxes
paid (a) with respect to the manufacturing of the products sold in the city,
and (b) with respect to the extracting of the products, or the ingredients
used in the products, sold in the city. The amount of the credit shall not
exceed the tax liability arising under this chapter with respect to the sale
of those products.
(5) Credit for persons that manufacture products in the city using
Ingredients they extract. Persons taxable under the manufacturing
classification with respect to manufacturing products in this city shall be
allowed a credit against those taxes for any eligible gross receipts tax paid
with respect to extracting the ingredients of the products manufactured in
the city. The amount of the credit shall not exceed the tax liability arising
under this chapter with respect to the manufacturing of those products.
(6) Credit for persons that sell within the city products that they
print, or publish and print. Persons taxable under the retailing or
wholesaling classification with respect to selling products in this city shall
be allowed a credit against those taxes for any eligible gross receipts taxes
paid with respect to the printing, or the printing and publishing, of the
products sold within the city. The amount of the credit shall not exceed
the tax liability arising under this chapter with respect to the sale of those
products.
Sec. 3.28.075. Deductions to prevent multiple taxation of
certain manufacturing activities involving more than one city with
an eligible gross receipts tax. A person manufacturing products within
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the city using products manufactured by the same person outside the city
may deduct from the measure of the manufacturing tax the value of
products manufactured outside the city and included in the measure of an
eligible gross receipts tax paid to the other jurisdiction with respect to
manufacturing such products.
Sec. 3.28.076. Assignment of gross income derived from
intangibles. Gross income derived from the sale of intangibles such as
royalties, trademarks, patents, or goodwill shall be assigned to the
jurisdiction where the person is domiciled (its headquarters is located).
Sec. 3.28.077. Allocation and apportionment of income
when activities take place in more than one jurisdiction. Gross
income, other than for persons subject to the provisions of chapter 82.14A
RCW, shall be allocated and apportioned as follows:
(1) Gross income derived from all activities other than those
taxed as service or royalties under section 3.28.050(2)(9) shall be
allocated to the location where the activity takes place.
(2) In the case of sales of tangible personal property, the activity
takes place where delivery to the buyer occurs.
(3) In the case of sales of digital products, the activity takes
place where delivery to the buyer occurs. The delivery of digital products
will be deemed to occur at:
(a) The seller's place of business if the purchaser receives
the digital product at the seller's place of business;
(b) If not received at the seller's place of business, the
location where the purchaser or the purchaser's donee, designated as such
by the purchaser, receives the digital product, including the location
indicated by instructions for delivery to the purchaser or donee, known to
the seller;
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(c) If the location where the purchaser or the purchaser's
donee receives the digital product is not known, the purchaser's address
maintained in the ordinary course of the seller's business when use of this
address does not constitute bad faith;
(d) If no address for the purchaser is maintained in the
ordinary course of the seller's business, the purchaser's address obtained
during the consummation of the sale, including the address of a
purchaser's payment instrument, if no other address is available, when
use of this address does not constitute bad faith; and
(e) If no address for the purchaser is obtained during the
consummation of the sale, the address where the digital good or digital
code is first made available for transmission by the seller or the address
from which the digital automated service or service described in RCW
82.04.050 (2)(g) or (6)(b) was provided, disregarding for these purposes
any location that merely provided the digital transfer of the product sold.
(4) If none of the methods in subsection 3.28.077(3) for
determining where the delivery of digital products occurs are available
after a good faith effort by the taxpayer to apply the methods provided in
subsections 3.28.077(3)(a) through 3.28.077(3)(e), then the city and the
taxpayer may mutually agree to employ any other method to effectuate
an equitable allocation of income from the sale of digital products. The
taxpayer will be responsible for petitioning the city to use an alternative
method under this subsection. The city may employ an alternative method
for allocating the income from the sale of digital products if the methods
provided in subsections 3.28.077(3)(a) through 3.28.077(3)(e) are not
available and the taxpayer and the city are unable to mutually agree on an
alternative method to effectuate an equitable allocation of income from
the sale of digital products.
(5) For purposes of subsections 3.28.077(3)(a) through
3.28.077(3)(e), "Receive" has the same meaning as in RCW 82.32.730.
40 Amend KCC Title 3
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(6) Gross income derived from activities taxed as services and
other activities taxed under section 3.28.050(2)(g) shall be apportioned to
the city by multiplying apportionable income by a fraction, the numerator
of which is the payroll factor plus the service-income factor and the
denominator of which is two.
(a) The payroll factor is a fraction, the numerator of which
is the total amount paid in the city during the tax period by the taxpayer
for compensation and the denominator of which is the total compensation
paid everywhere during the tax period. Compensation is paid in the city if:
(1) The individual is primarily assigned within the
city;
(ii) The individual is not primarily assigned to any
place of business for the tax period and the employee performs fifty
percent or more of his or her service for the tax period in the city; or
(iii) The individual is not primarily assigned to any
place of business for the tax period, the individual does not perform fifty
percent or more of his or her service in any city and the employee resides
in the city.
(b) The service income factor is a fraction, the numerator
of which is the total service income of the taxpayer in the city during the
tax period, and the denominator of which is the total service income of the
taxpayer everywhere during the tax period. Service income is in the city
if:
(i) The customer location is in the city; or
(ii) The income-producing activity is performed in
more than one location and a greater proportion of the service-income-
producing activity is performed in the city than in any other location,
based on costs of performance, and the taxpayer is not taxable at the
customer location; or
41 Amend KCC Title 3
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(iii) The service-income-producing activity is
performed within the city, and the taxpayer is not taxable in the customer
location.
(c) If the allocation and apportionment provisions of this
subsection do not fairly represent the extent of the taxpayer's business
activity in the city or cities in which the taxpayer does business, the
taxpayer may petition for or the tax administrators may jointly require, in
respect to all or any part of the taxpayer's business activity, that one of
the following methods be used jointly by the cities to allocate or apportion
gross income, if reasonable:
(i) Separate accounting;
(ii) The use of a single factor;
(iii) The inclusion of one or more additional factors
that will fairly represent the taxpayer's business activity in the city; or
(iv) The employment of any other method to
effectuate an equitable allocation and apportionment of the taxpayer's
income.
(4) The definitions in this subsection apply throughout this
section.
(a) "Apportionable income" means the gross income of the
business taxable under the service classifications of a city's gross receipts
tax, including income received from activities outside the city if the income
would be taxable under the service classification if received from activities
within the city, less any exemptions or deductions available.
(b) "Compensation" means wages, salaries, commissions,
and any other form of remuneration paid to individuals for personal
services that are or would be included in the individual's gross income
under the federal internal revenue code.
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(c) "Individual' means any individual who, under the usual
common law rules applicable in determining the employer-employee
relationship, has the status of an employee of that taxpayer.
(d) "Customer location" means the city or unincorporated
area of a county where the majority of the contacts between the taxpayer
and the customer take place.
(e) "Primarily assigned" means the business location of the
taxpayer where the individual performs his or her duties.
(f) "Service-taxable income" or "service income" means
gross income of the business subject to tax under either the service or
royalty classification.
(g) "Tax period" means the calendar year during which tax
liability is accrued. If taxes are reported by a taxpayer on a basis more
frequent than once per year, taxpayers shall calculate the factors for the
previous calendar year for reporting in the current calendar year and
correct the reporting for the previous year when the factors are calculated
for that year, but not later than the end of the first quarter of the following
year.
(h) "Taxable in the customer location" means either that a
taxpayer is subject to a gross receipts tax in the customer location for the
privilege of doing business, or that the government where the customer is
located has the authority to subject the taxpayer to gross receipts tax
regardless of whether, in fact, the government does so.
(5) Assignment or apportionment of revenue under this
Section shall be made in accordance with and in full compliance with the
provisions of the interstate commerce clause of the United States
Constitution where applicable.
43 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 B & O Tax
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Sec. 3.28.078. Allocation and apportionment of printing and
publishing income when activities take place in more than one
jurisdiction. Notwithstanding RCW 35.102.130, gross income from the
activities of printing, and of publishing newspapers, periodicals, or
magazines, shall be allocated to the principal place in this state from
which the taxpayer's business is directed or managed. As used in this
section, the activities of printing, and of publishing newspapers,
periodicals, or magazines, have the same meanings as attributed to those
terms in RCW 82.04.280(1) by the department of revenue.
Sec. 3.28.090. Exemptions.
(1) Non-profit corporations or non-profit organizations. This
chapter shall not apply to non-profit organizations exempt from federal
income tax under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, as
hereafter amended, except with respect to retail sales of such persons.
(2) Health maintenance orcianization, health care service
contractor, certified health plan. This chapter does not apply to any health
maintenance organization, health care service contractor, or certified
health plan in respect to premiums or prepayments that are taxable under
RCW 48.14.0201.
(3) Public utilities. This chapter shall not apply to any person in
respect to a business activity with respect to which tax liability is
specifically imposed under the utility tax provisions of Chapter 3.18 of the
Kent City Code.
(4) Investments - dividends from subsidiary corporations. This
chapter shall not apply to amounts derived by persons, other than those
engaging in banking, loan, security, or other financial businesses, from
investments or the use of money as such, and also amounts derived as
dividends by a parent from its subsidiary corporations.
44 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 B & O Tax
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(5) International banking facilities. This chapter shall not apply
to the gross receipts of an international banking facility. As used in this
subsection, an "international banking facility" means a facility represented
by a set of asset and liability accounts segregated on the books and
records of a commercial bank, the principal office of which is located in
this state, and which is incorporated and doing business under the laws of
the United States or of this state, a United States branch or agency of a
foreign bank, an Edge corporation organized under Section 25(a) of the
Federal Reserve Act, 12 United States Code 611-631, or an Agreement
corporation having an agreement or undertaking with the Board of
Governors of the Federal Reserve System under Section 25 of the Federal
Reserve Act, 12 United States Code 601-604(a), that includes only
international banking facility time deposits (as defined in subsection (a)(2)
of Section 204.8 of Regulation D (12 CFR Part 204), as promulgated by
the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System), and international
banking facility extensions of credit (as defined in subsection (a)(3) of
Section 204.8 of Regulation D).
(6) Insurance _business. This chapter shall not apply to amounts
received by any person who is an insurer upon which a tax based on gross
premiums is paid to the state pursuant to RCW 48.14.020, and provided
further, that the provisions of this subsection shall not exempt any
bonding company from tax with respect to gross income derived from the
completion of any contract as to which it is a surety, or as to any liability
as successor to the liability of the defaulting contractor.
(7) Farmers - agriculture. This chapter shall not apply to any
farmer in respect to amounts received from selling fruits, vegetables,
berries, butter, eggs, fish, milk poultry, meats or any other agricultural
product that is raised, caught, produced, or manufactured by such
persons.
45 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 B & O Tax
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(8) Athletic exhibitions. This chapter shall not apply to any
person in respect to the business of conducting boxing contests and
sparring or wrestling matches and exhibitions for the conduct of which a
license must be secured from the State Boxing Commission.
(9) Racing. This chapter shall not apply to any person in respect
to the business of conducting race meets for the conduct of which a
license must be secured from the Washington State Horse Racing
Commission.
(10) Ride sharing. This chapter does not apply to any funds
received in the course of commuter ride sharing or ride sharing for
persons with special transportation needs in accordance with RCW
46.74.010.
(11) Employees.
(a) This chapter shall not apply to any person in respect to
the person's employment in the capacity as an employee or servant as
distinguished from that of an independent contractor. For the purposes of
this subsection, the definition of employee shall include those persons that
are defined in the Internal Revenue Code, as hereafter amended.
(b) A booth renter is an independent contractor for
purposes of this chapter.
(12) Amounts derived from sale of real estate. This chapter shall
not apply to gross proceeds derived from the sale of real estate. This,
however, shall not be construed to allow an exemption of amounts
received as commissions from the sale of real estate, nor as fees, handling
charges, discounts, interest or similar financial charges resulting from, or
relating to, real estate transactions. This chapter shall also not apply to
amounts received for the rental of real estate if the rental income is
derived from a contract to rent for a continuous period of thirty (30) days
or longer.
46 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 B & O Tax
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(13) Mortgage brokers' third-party provider services trust
accounts. This chapter shall not apply to amounts received from trust
accounts to mortgage brokers for the payment of third-party costs if the
accounts are operated in a manner consistent with RCW 19.146.050 and
any rules adopted by the director of financial institutions.
(14) Amounts derived from manufacturing, selling or distributing
motor vehicle fuel. This chapter shall not apply to the manufacturing,
selling, or distributing motor vehicle fuel, as the term "motor vehicle fuel"
is defined in RCW 82.36.010 and exempt under RCW 82.36.440, provided
that any fuel not subjected to the state fuel excise tax, or any other
applicable deduction or exemption, will be taxable under this chapter.
(15) Amounts derived from liquor, and the sale or distribution of
liquor. This chapter shall not apply to liquor as defined in RCW 66.04.010
and exempt in RCW 66.08.120.
(16) Casual and isolated sales. This chapter shall not apply to the
gross proceeds derived from casual or isolated sales.
(17) Accommodation sales. This chapter shall not apply to sales
for resale by persons regularly engaged in the business of making retail
sales of the type of property so sold to other persons similarly engaged in
the business of selling such property where (1) the amount paid by the
buyer does not exceed the amount paid by the seller to the vendor in the
acquisition of the article and (2) the sale is made as an accommodation to
the buyer to enable the buyer to fill a bona fide existing order of a
customer or is made within fourteen days to reimburse in kind a previous
accommodation sale by the buyer to the seller.
(18) Taxes collected as trust funds. This chapter shall not apply to
amounts collected by the taxpayer from third parties to satisfy third party
obligations to pay taxes such as the retail sales tax, use tax, and
admission tax.
47 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 B & O Tax
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(19) United States, Washington State governmental entities. This
chapter shall not apply to gross income received by the United State or
any instrumentality thereof and by the State of Washington or any
municipal subdivision thereof.
(20) Research and development under federal contracts. This
chapter shall not apply to amounts received for research and development
activities performed on behalf of, under contract to, or in partnership with
the United States government. For purposes of this section, "research and
development activities" means activities performed to discover
technological information, and technical and non-routine activities
concerned with translating technological information into new or improved
products, processes, techniques, formulas, inventions, or software, the
application of which is intended to be useful in the development of a new
or improved federal project or component thereof.
Sec. 3.28.100. Deductions. In computing the license fee or tax,
there may be deducted from the measure of tax the following items:
(1) Compensation from public entities for health or social welfare
services - exception. In computing tax, there may be deducted from the
measure of tax amounts received from the United States or any
instrumentality thereof or from the State of Washington or any municipal
corporation or political subdivision thereof as compensation for, or to
support, health or social welfare services rendered by a health or social
welfare organization (as defined in RCW 82.04.431) or by a municipal
corporation or political subdivision, except deductions are not allowed
under this subsection for amounts that are received under an employee
benefit plan. For purposes of this subsection, "employee benefit plan"
includes the military benefits program authorized in 10 USC Sec. 1071 et
seq., as amended, or amounts payable pursuant thereto.
48 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 B & O Tax
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(2) Interest on investments or loans secured by mortgages or
deeds of trust. In computing tax, to the extent permitted by Chapter
82.14A RCW, there may be deducted from the measure of tax by those
engaged in banking, loan, security or other financial businesses, amounts
derived from interest received on investments or loans primarily secured
by first mortgages or trust deeds on non-transient residential properties.
(3) Interest on obligations of the state, its political subdivisions,
and municipal corporations. In computing tax, there may be deducted
from the measure of tax by those engaged in banking, loan, security or
other financial businesses, amounts derived from interest paid on all
obligations of the State of Washington, its political subdivisions, and
municipal corporations organized pursuant to the laws thereof.
(4) Interest on loans to farmers and ranchers, producers or
harvesters of aquatic products, or their cooperatives. In computing tax,
there may be deducted from the measure of tax amounts derived as
interest on loans to bona fide farmers and ranchers, producers or
harvesters of aquatic products, or their cooperatives by a lending
institution which is owned exclusively by its borrowers or members and
which is engaged solely in the business of making loans and providing
finance-related services to bona fide farmers and ranchers, producers or
harvesters of aquatic products, their cooperatives, rural residents for
housing, or persons engaged in furnishing farm-related or aquatic-related
services to these individuals or entities.
(5) Receipts from tangible personal property delivered outside
the State. In computing tax, there may be deducted from the measure of
tax under retailing or wholesaling amounts derived from the sale of
tangible personal property that is delivered by the seller to the buyer or
the buyer's representative at a location outside the State of Washington.
(6) Cash discount taken by purchaser. In computing tax, there
may be deducted from the measure of tax the cash discount amounts
49 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 8 & O Tax
Ordinance
actually taken by the purchaser. This deduction is not allowed in arriving
at the taxable amount under the extracting or manufacturing
classifications with respect to articles produced or manufactured, the
reported values of which, for the purposes of this tax, have been
computed according to the "value of product" provisions.
(7) Credit losses of accrual basis taxpayers. In computing tax,
there may be deducted from the measure of tax the amount of credit
losses actually sustained by taxpayers whose regular books of account are
kept upon an accrual basis.
(8) Constitutional prohibitions. In computing tax, there may be
deducted from the measure of the tax amounts derived from business
which the City is prohibited from taxing under the Constitution of the State
of Washington or the Constitution of the United States.
(9) Receipts from the sale of tangible personal property and retail
services delivered outside the city but within Washington. Amounts
included in the gross receipts reported on the tax return derived from the
sale of tangible personal property delivered to the buyer or the buyer's
representative outside the city but within the State of Washington may be
deducted from the measure of tax under the retailing, retail services, or
wholesaling classification.
(10) Professional em Ipoyer services. In computing the tax, a
professional employer organization may deduct from the calculation of
gross income the gross income of the business derived from performing
professional employer services that is equal to the portion of the fee
charged to a client that represents the actual cost of wages and salaries,
benefits, workers' compensation, payroll taxes, withholding, or other
assessments paid to or on behalf of a covered employee by the
professional employer organization under a professional employer
agreement.
50 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 8 & O Tax
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Sec. 3.28.120. Tax part of overhead. It is not the intention of this
chapter that the taxes or fees herein levied upon persons engaging in
business be construed as taxes or fees upon the purchasers or customer,
but that such taxes or fees shall be levied upon, and collectible from, the
person engaging in the business activities herein designated and that such
taxes or fees shall constitute a part of the cost of doing business of such
persons.
Sec. 3.28.130. Limitation of revenue received. Revenue
received from the tax imposed by this chapter shall first be applied to the
cost of administering this tax, which shall not exceed $300,000 per
annum. This allocation for administrative costs shall be adjusted annually
in accordance with the applicable inflation factor listed in the consumer
price index. One hundred percent of the remaining revenue shall be
allocated to the design, construction, maintenance, improvement,
operation, and repair of the city's transportation infrastructure and
appurtenant improvements including, without limitation, streets, curbs,
gutters, sidewalks, bicycle and pedestrian lanes and paths, street trees,
drainage, lighting, and signalization up to a total annual allocation of four
million seven hundred thousand dollars ($4,700,000). Any remaining
revenues received shall be applied to the capital improvement fund and
allocated according to the direction of the city council.
Sec. 3.28.140. Severability Clause. If any provision of this
chapter or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the
remainder of the chapter or the application of the provision to other
persons or circumstances shall not be affected.
. - Corrections /ECTION 2 � rect�ons by City Clerk or Code Revise r Upon
approval of the City Attorney, the City Clerk and the code reviser are
51 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 8 & O Tax
Ordinance
authorized to make necessary corrections to this ordinance, including the
correction of clerical errors; ordinance, section, or subsection numbering;
or references to other local, state or federal laws, codes, rules, or
regulations.
SECTION 3. - Petition for referendum. A referendum procedure is
required pursuant to RCW 35.21.706 for cities first imposing a business
and occupation tax. A referendum petition may be filed with the City Clerk
within seven (7) days of passage of this ordinance. Within ten (10) days,
the City Clerk shall confer with the petitioner concerning the form and style
of the petition, issue the petition an identification number, and secure an
accurate, concise, and positive ballot title from the City Attorney. The
petitioner shall have thirty (30) days in which to secure the signatures of
not less than fifteen (15) percent of the registered voters of the city, as of
the last municipal general election, upon petition forms which contain the
ballot title and the full text of the measure to be referred. The City Clerk
shall verify the sufficiency of the signatures on the petition and, if
sufficient valid signatures are properly submitted, shall certify the
referendum measure to the next election ballot within the city or at a
special election ballot as provided pursuant to RCW 35.17.260(2).
This above procedure shall be the exclusive method of referendum
for this ordinance and shall supersede the procedures provided under
chapters 35.17 and 35A.11 RCW and all other statutory or other provisions
for initiative or referendum that might otherwise apply.
SECTION 4. - Severabiiity. If any one or more section, subsection,
or sentence of this ordinance is held to be unconstitutional or invalid, that
decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portion of this
ordinance and that remaining portion shall maintain its full force and
effect.
52 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 B & O Tax
Ordinance
SECTION 5, - Effective Date. This ordinance shall take effect and
be in force beginning January 1, 2013, which is at least thirty (30) days
from and after its passage and publication, as provided by law.
SUZ COOKE, MAYOR
ATTEST:
BRENDA JACOBER, CI ERK
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
(201
TOM BRUBAKER, CITY ATTORNE
PASSED: day of doc-t�- , 2012.
APPROVED: day of 0� , 2012.
PUBLISHED: f , day of O , 2012.
I hereby certify that this is a true copy of Ordinance No.
passed by the City Council of the City of Kent, Washington, and approved
by the Mayor of the City of Kent as hereon indicated.
_ (ssEAL)
BRENDA JACOBE CITY CLERK
53 Amend KCC Title 3
New Chapter 3.28 8 & O Tax
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